On-line Dictionary
Aufklarung
Aufklarung
n.
A
philosophic
movement
of
the
18th
century
characterized
by a
lively
questioning
of
authority
,
keen
interest
in
matters
of
politics
and
general
culture
,
and
an
emphasis
on
empirical
method
in
science
. It
received
its
impetus
from
the
unsystematic
but
vigorous
skepticism
of
Pierre
Bayle
,
the
physical
doctrines
of
Newton
,
and
the
epistemological
theories
of
Locke
, in
the
preceding
century
.
Its
chief
center
was
in
France
,
where
it
gave
rise
to
the
skepticism
of
Voltaire
,
the
naturalism
of
Rousseau
,
the
sensationalism
of
Condillac
,
and
the
publication
of
the
"
Encyclopedia
" by D'
Alembert
and
Diderot
. In
Germany
,
Lessing
,
Mendelssohn
,
and
Herder
were
representative
thinkers
,
while
the
political
doctrines
of
the
leaders
of
the
American
Revolution
and
the
speculations
of
Benjamin
Franklin
and
Thomas
Paine
represented
the
movement
in
America
.
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